Lesson 5

Decide if each statement is true or false.

What two whole numbers does each square root lie between? Be prepared to explain your reasoning.

1. \(\sqrt{7}\)
    
2. \(\sqrt{23}\)
    
3. \(\sqrt{50}\)
    
4. \(\sqrt{98}\)
    

The numbers \(x\), \(y\), and \(z\) are positive, and \(x^2 = 3\), \(y^2 = 16\), and \(z^2 = 30\).

1. Plot \(x\), \(y\), and \(z\) on the number line. Be prepared to share your reasoning with the class.
2. Plot \(\text- \sqrt{2}\) on the number line.

In general, we can approximate the values of square roots by observing the whole numbers around it, and remembering the relationship between square roots and squares. Here are some examples:

• \(\sqrt{65}\) is a little more than 8, because \(\sqrt{65}\) is a little more than \(\sqrt{64}\) and \(\sqrt{64}=8\).
• \(\sqrt{80}\) is a little less than 9, because \(\sqrt{80}\) is a little less than \(\sqrt{81}\) and \(\sqrt{81}=9\).
• \(\sqrt{75}\) is between 8 and 9 (it’s 8 point something), because 75 is between 64 and 81.
• \(\sqrt{75}\) is approximately 8.67, because \(8.67^2=75.1689\).

If we want to find a square root between two whole numbers, we can work in the other direction. For example, since \(22^2 = 484\) and \(23^2 = 529\), then we know that \(\sqrt{500}\) (to pick one possibility) is between 22 and 23.

Many calculators have a square root command, which makes it simple to find an approximate value of a square root.