Lesson 5
Reasoning About Square Roots
Let’s approximate square roots.
5.1: True or False: Squared
Decide if each statement is true or false.
5.2: Square Root Values
What two whole numbers does each square root lie between? Be prepared to explain your reasoning.
Can we do any better than “between 3 and 4” for ? Explain a way to figure out if the value is closer to 3.1 or closer to 3.9.
5.3: Solutions on a Number Line
The numbers , , and are positive, and , , and .

- Plot , , and on the number line. Be prepared to share your reasoning with the class.
- Plot on the number line.
Summary
In general, we can approximate the values of square roots by observing the whole numbers around it, and remembering the relationship between square roots and squares. Here are some examples:
- is a little more than 8, because is a little more than and .
- is a little less than 9, because is a little less than and .
- is between 8 and 9 (it’s 8 point something), because 75 is between 64 and 81.
- is approximately 8.67, because .

If we want to find a square root between two whole numbers, we can work in the other direction. For example, since and , then we know that (to pick one possibility) is between 22 and 23.
Many calculators have a square root command, which makes it simple to find an approximate value of a square root.
Video Summary
Glossary Entries
- irrational number
An irrational number is a number that is not a fraction or the opposite of a fraction.
Pi () and are examples of irrational numbers.
- rational number
A rational number is a fraction or the opposite of a fraction.
Some examples of rational numbers are:
- square root
The square root of a positive number is the positive number whose square is . It is also the the side length of a square whose area is . We write the square root of as .
For example, the square root of 16, written as , is 4 because is 16.
is also the side length of a square that has an area of 16.