Lesson 3

The purpose of this warm-up is for students to count backward from 10 and 20. By counting backward from 10 to 1 and 20 to 1, students develop fluency with the count sequence to 20, which will be helpful later in this lesson when students use their knowledge of the count sequence to determine one more and one less than a given number. As students count backward, point to the numbers posted so that students can follow along.

• “Let’s count to 20.”
• Record as students count.
• “This time, instead of starting a 1 and counting forward, we are going to start at 10 and count backward until we get to 1. Let’s start at 10 and count backward to 1.”

• Repeat 3–4 times.
• “Let’s start at 20 and count backward to 1.”
• Repeat 2–3 times.

• “In today’s lesson we will solve story problems where counting forward and backward may help you.”

The purpose of this activity is for students to use their knowledge of the count sequence to solve Add To, Result Unknown and Take From, Result Unknown story problems where one is added or taken away.

• Groups of 2
• Give students access to connecting cubes and 10-frames.
• “Today you are going to solve two story problems about people on a bus.”

• Read the first story problem.
• “Tell your partner what happened in the story.”
• 30 seconds: quiet think time
• 1 minute: partner discussion
• Monitor for students who accurately retell the story. Choose at least one student to share with the class.
• Reread the task statement.
• “Show your thinking using drawings, numbers, words, or objects.”
• 2 minutes: quiet work time
• 2 minutes: partner discussion
• Repeat the steps with the second story problem.
• Monitor for a student who can explain how they just knew the answer without making a representation.

• Invite a previously identified student to share how they solved the second story problem.

The purpose of this activity is for students to complete and solve numberless Add To, Result Unknown and Take From, Result Unknown story problems. The story problems are about adding and subtracting 1, but they do not give a starting number and therefore highlight that adding 1 to any number gives the next number in the count sequence while subtracting 1 from any number gives the previous number in the count sequence. While the kindergarten standards only ask students to solve story problems with a result of up to 10, students may choose larger numbers for their problems.

Students may benefit from having the story problems in this activity read aloud multiple times.

• Give students access to connecting cubes and 10-frames.
• “Some students were singing. Then 1 more student came to sing with them. How many students are singing now?”
• “What do you notice? What do you wonder?” (Students were singing. Another student came to sing. How many students were singing? How many students are singing now?)
• 30 seconds: quiet think time
• 1 minute: partner discussion
• Share and record responses.

• “The story problem is missing the first number. Fill in a number and tell the story problem to your partner. Show your thinking using objects, drawings, numbers, or words.”
• 4 minutes: partner work time
• Repeat the steps, including noticing and wondering, with the second story problem.

• Invite a student to share a story for the first problem. (There were 8 students singing. Then 1 more student came to sing with them. How many students are singing now?)
• “How many students are singing now? How do you know?” (9 because 9 is 1 more than 8. 9 comes after 8 when we count.)
• “What if there were 9 students singing and 1 more came to sing with them? How many students are singing now? How do you know?” (10. 10 is 1 more than 9.)

The purpose of this activity is for students to choose from activities that offer practice with number and shape concepts. Students choose from 5 centers introduced in previous units. Students can choose to work at any stage of the centers.

• Less, Same, More
• Math Fingers
• Tower Build
• Math Stories
• Which One

Students will continue to choose from these centers in upcoming lessons. Keep the materials from each center organized to use each day.

• Gather materials from:
  • Less, Same, More
  • Math Fingers
  • Tower Build
  • Math Stories
  • Which One

• Groups of 2
• “Today we are going to choose from centers we have already learned.”
• Display the center choices in the student book.
• “Think about what you would like to do first.”
• 30 seconds: quiet think time

• Invite students to work at the center of their choice. 
• 10 minutes: center work time

• “What can you do when there is a math problem or center that you’re not sure about?”